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Objective:To investigate the characteristics and change law of influenza in Fuling District of Chongqing in 2010-2019, and to provide a scientific basis for the pre-control of influenza.Methods:We performed an epidemiological analysis on the data of influenza-like illness reported by Fuling District influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Chongqing in 2010-2019.Results:In 2010-2019, a total of 42 169 cases of influenza-like illness were reported in Fuling District, with an average treatment rate of 1.22%. The activity of influenza-like illness peaked in winter, spring, and summer. There were 22 788 cases in the group of cases aged < 5 years, accounting for 50.4%. In 2010-2019, a total of 8049 pharyngeal swabs were collected to screen for influenza-like illness, with a positive rate of 14.52%. Influenza virus A H3 positive rate was highest, accounting for 37.98%, followed by influenza virus B BV positive rate, accounting for 30.80%. The highest influenza virus-positive rate was reported in January (26.34%), followed by November (24.85%).Conclusion:Influenza in the Fuling district of Chongqing mainly occurs in winter, spring, and summer. Influenza virus A H3 is the dominant strain. Children and school students are prone to develop influenza-like illnesses. We should continue to strengthen the monitoring of influenza strains, greatly promote vaccination, and strengthen the monitoring and prevention of influenza-like illness among susceptible populations.
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Objective To investigate the expression change of cytokines in peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa in the patients with diarrhea post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome(PI-IBS) and its relation with clinical symptoms scores.Methods Thirty outpatients and inpatients with diarrhea PI-IBS(observation group) and contemporaneous 30 individuals undergoing physical examination(control group) in the Hainan Provincial People's Hospital from January to December 2013 were selected.The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) were separated and cultured.Then the levels of IFN-y and IL-10 in peripheral blood and cell culture supernatant fluid were detected by ELISA.The colonic mucosal tissue was taken by coloscopy.Then colonic mucosal IFN-γ and IL-10 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry staining.Furthermore,the correlationship between the level change of IFN-γ and IL-10 with clinical symptom score was analyzed by using the Spearman correlation method.Results Peripheral blod IL-10 and IFN-γ levels had no statistical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,in PBMC seperation and cuture,the IFN-γ level in the observation group was increased and IL-10 level was decreased,the difference was statistically signifieant(P＜0.01).The intestinal main symptom score in the observation group had the positive correlation with IFN-γ expression level of PBMC culture supernatant fluid and colonic mucosal IFN-γ expression level(r=0.45,0.94,P＜0.01),and had the negative correlation with IL-10 expression level(r=-0.52,-0.79,P＜0.01).Conclusion The unbalance of IFN-γ and IL-10 level could be involved in the pathogenesis of diarrhea PI-IBS,which can serve as the observation indicators of disease activity.
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Objective To study the effect of GLP-1 on the liver function and the signal pathway of TLR4/NF-κB in NAFLD rats.Methods Forty-five rats were randomly divided into two groups,15 with normal diet fed and 30 with high-fat diet,so as to form NAFLD model.In the tenth week,28 rats fed with high-fat diet were randomly divided into two groups,the model control group (14) and the GLP-1 intervention group (14 rats).The normal diet fed in 15 rats served as the normal control group.After the model group and the control group rats were injected with saline treatment,the intervention group rats were injected with liraglutide treatment.We observed the changes in the activity of rats,body weight,appetite,urine and other conditions.Results Compared with the control group,the liver index,liver mass,ALT,AST,TG and TC of the model rats were significantly higher than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The liver index,liver mass,ALT,AST,TG and TC of the model rats were significant lower in the GLP-1 intervention group than those in the model control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB protein in the model control group increased in the model control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the model control group,the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB protein was decreased in the GLP-1 intervention group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion GLP-1 can significantly reverse the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism and impaired liver function in NAFLD rats,and GLP-1 can significantly reduce the expression of NF-κB and TLR4 protein in the liver tissues of rats.
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Objective To discuss and analyze the clinical relationships between the gene polymorphism of vitamin D receptor and adiponectin with the susceptibility of non-alcohol fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods One hundred and two cases of NAFLD were selected as the observation group,and other 100 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group.The gene polymorphism of vitamin D receptor and adiponectin in the two groups was detected,then the genotype distribution and allele frequencies of vitamin D receptor and adiponectin were compared between the two groups,then their relationship with the susceptibility of NAFLD was analyzed.Results The genotype distribution situation of vitamin D receptor BsmI site,adiponectin 45 and 276 sites had statistically significant difference between the observation group and control group(P＜0.05).The B allele frequency of BsmI site of vitamin D receptor in the observation group was far lower than that in the control group,and the allele frequencies of 45-T and 276-G of vitamin D receptor in the former were far higher than those in the latter,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that vitamin D receptor:bb genotype,adiponectin 45 locus:TT genotype and ALT,TG,complicating hypertension history and HOMA-IR all were the independent risk factors in NAFLD patients.Conclusion The genotype distribution of different sites of vitamin D receptor and adiponectin has obvious abnormality in the patients with NAFLD,and both are closely related with the NAFLD susceptibility.
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Objective To research the obesity-related gene (FTO) and forkhead transcription factors O1 (FoxO1) protein expression level in the livers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) rat model. Methods The animal model of NAFLD in rats was prepared by feeding high energy and high fat feed. Then the rat blood and liver tissue were collected for detecting the liver index and blood biochemical indexes, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (AST), aspartate aminotransferase(ALT) ,alkaline phosphatase(ALP),high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein(LDL) ;the liver pathological examination was performed;FTO protein and Fox O1 protein expression levels in rat liver were detected by using the immunohistochemical assay. Results The rat liver weight,body weight and liver index after 8 weeks in the model group were higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);the levels of AST, ALT, LDL, ALP, TG and TC in the model group were higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05),the HDL level in the model group was lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) ;the model group produced steatosis and inflammation in hepatic lobule part,while the control group had no these lesions;the FTO prot ein and FoxO1 protein expression levels in liver of the model group were higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion FTO and FoxO1 interaction may disturb the normal energy and fat metabolism.